Journal of food quality and hazards control

Search published articles

Showing 7 results for Heavy

Determination of Chromium, Lead and Cadmium Levels in Edible Organs of Marketed Chickens in Mashhad, Iran

A. Sadeghi, M. Hashemi, F. Jamali-Behnam, A. Zohani, H. Esmaily, A.a. Dehghan,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (12-2015)

Abstract

Background: Considering high importance of heavy metals residue from view point of food safety, this study was conducted to determine the contents of chromium (Cr), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in different tissues (liver, heart and muscle) of marketed chickens in Mashhad, Iran.

Methods: Chicken tissues were collected from four popular brands distributed in different markets in Mashhad, followed by preparing through acidic digestion and analyzing using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. All statistical significant differences were defined at p<0.05 using SPSS v. 16.0.

Results: Mean concentration (±standard deviation) of heavy metals in the liver, heart and muscle of chicken samples were 3.87 ± 3.94, 3.77 ± 2.77 and 2.27 ± 1.07 mg/kg (for Cr), 3.79 ± 3.64, 2.65 ± 1.88 and 1.65 ± 1.09 mg/kg (for Pb) as well as 0.37 ± 0.09, 0.32 ± 0.1 and 0.28 ± 0.07 mg/kg (for Cd), respectively, indicting higher heavy metals levels in liver and heart samples compared to those of muscle ones (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The contents of some heavy metals in chicken samples are warning that highlights its public health risk in this region of Iran. Therefore, more effective monitoring procedures and surveillance programs should be applied by the authorities of regional veterinary organization.

Assessment of Heavy Metals Residue in Edible Vegetables Distributed in Shiraz, Iran

Z. Derakhshan, M. Faramarzian, A.h. Mahvi, M.s. Hosseini, M. Miri,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (3-2016)

Abstract

Background: Given the importance of vegetables in the food pyramid, their safety is very important from view point of public health. Vegetable contamination by heavy metals can lead to bioaccumulation of these toxic and disease-causing elements in the body of consumers. Therefore, in this study, the concentration of some heavy metals, including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in edible vegetables distributed in Shiraz, Iran was investigated.

Methods: During spring 2014, a total of 184 vegetable samples, including basil, mint, parsley, torre, tarragon, purslane, and lettuce were randomly taken from markets of Shiraz, Iran. After sample preparation, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used for determination of heavy metals concentrations. SPSS software version 16.0 with the significance level of 0.01 was used to analyze the data.

Results: The mean concentrations of Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd in vegetables were 59, 51, 0.17 and 0.032 mg/kg, respectively. Mean values of heavy metals concentrations of different vegetable types were significantly (p<0.01) different.

Conclusions: The results of sample analysis and their comparison with standard values showed that the average concentration of all of the heavy metals in the studied vegetables was below the standard levels of the world health organization and food and agriculture organization and they had acceptable conditions for human consumption. However, considerable attention should also be paid to the potential health risk of heavy metals via other exposure pathways and other regions of this country.

Heavy Metals Residue in Cultivated Mango Samples from Iran

M. Rahimzadeh , S. Rastegar ,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (3-2017)

Abstract

Background: Heavy metals contaminations are recognized as the serious risk to our environment. The aim of the present study was to analyze heavy metals residue in cultivated mango samples from Iran.
Methods: Totally, 72 mango samples were randomly collected among six different mango genotypes cultivated in Southern Iran from June to July 2015. Lead, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic were determined using an atomic absorption spectrometer. Analysis of variance was performed with SAS 9.0. Descriptive statistics, multivariate analysis, and Duncan multiple range tests were done with a significance level of p<0.05.
Results: Measurement of heavy metals in all the mango samples showed various level ranges of lead (0.008-0.05 ppm), chromium (0.01-0.1 ppm), cadmium (0.002-0.014 ppm), and arsenic (0.01-0.04 ppm). Heavy metal levels were significantly (p<0.05) higher in green mango samples comparing to ripe ones. However, no significant relationship (p>0.05) was seen between heavy metals residue and variety in genotypes of mango samples.
Conclusion: The average amount of heavy metals residue in mango samples found in the current study were generally below the maximum acceptable levels indicating acceptable safety of these products.

Proximate Compositions and Risk Assessment of Lead in Two Common Fishes (Labeo rohita and Barbonymus gonionotus) Collected from River and Farms of Bagerhat, Bangladesh

M.a.r. Khan, M.s. Islam , M.s.a. Mamun,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (9-2021)

Abstract

Background: Among the local fish species in Bangladesh, Labeo rohita and Barbonymus gonionotus are two popular fish species. The present work focused on proximate compositions (moisture, protein, fat, and ash) and risk assessment of lead in two common fishes (L. rohita and B. gonionotus) collected from river and farms of Bagerhat, Bangladesh. Furthermore, effect of freezing condition on fish lipid was studied.
Methods: Proximate compositions of the fish samples were determined according to conventional methods. The lead contents were analyzed by wet digestion method using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The health risks models such as Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), Hazard Index (HI), and Target Cancer Risk (TCR) were conducted for health risk assessment of the local people. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16.0).
Results: A positive correlation was found between moisture-protein and lipid-ash of the L. rohita fish. Besides, a positive relation was observed in ash-moisture, and lipid-protein for B. gonionotus. The lead content in river L. rohita, farm L. rohita, river B. gonionotus, and farm B. gonionotus was observed as 9.00, 9.20, 8.29, and 6.39 mg/kg, respectively. The lead content found in the fish species were above the permissible limit. The TCR revealed the carcinogenic effects to the local people due to exposure of lead.
Conclusion: This study reflects some data about proximate values of L. rohita and B. gonionotus fishes. The concentrations of lead in the fish samples were above the safe limits, and may have carcinogenic effects of the local consumers in Bagerhat, Bangladesh.

DOI: 10.18502/jfqhc.8.3.7195

Assessment of Microbiological Properties, Mycotoxins, and Heavy Metals in Underprized Raw Kalahari Truffles Sold in Namibia

T.a. Hainghumbi , W. Embashu , K.k.m. Nantanga , N.p. Kadhila , L. Iipumbu ,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (3-2022)

Abstract

Background: Kalahari truffle (Kalaharituber pfeilii) is found in the Kalahari desert and nearby regions (Africa). This study assessed the microbiological quality and safety, mycotoxins, and heavy metals contents of raw Kalahari truffle sold in Namibia.
Methods: Batches of Kalahari truffles were purchased from informal markets and different vendors in Namibia. Total aerobic, coliform, yeast, and moulds counts, and Salmonella were assessed. Also, some mycotoxins and heavy metals were determined. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics Software, Version 25.
Results: Total aerobic count of unwashed truffles ranged from 4.4 to 7.3 log Colony Forming Unit (CFU)/g. Total coliform counts detected in truffles were 6.0 log CFU/g. Salmonella was not detected. Doxynivalenol was the most prevalent mycotoxin. Fumonisin B₁ levels ranged from 17.4 to 142.1 µg/kg. Ochratoxin A levels in unwashed truffles ranged from 0.1 to 48.5 µg/kg. Total aflatoxin levels were 26.3 to 27.5 µg/kg, while zearalenone levels ranged from 45.0 to 9,680 µg/kg. The iron content was up to 746.72 mg/kg. Cadmium and zinc were detected in the studied samples, but mercury and nickel were no detectable in any samples.
Conclusion: The studied truffle samples were safe in terms of Salmonella, mercury, and nickel. However, some of the detected microorganisms, mycotoxins, and heavy metals in underprized Kalahari truffles may impair the safety, shelf life, and human health. Thus, they should be subjected to appropriate processing before consumption.

DOI: 10.18502/jfqhc.9.1.9687

Food Safety Aspects of Palm Sugar: The Authentic Local Sweetener from Baduy Tribe, Indonesia

R.t.k. Dewi , D.p. Elfriede, Fransisca, S. Lai,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2023)

Abstract

Background: Baduy is an Indonesian native tribe which still holds ancestral heritage, including food processing. Palm sugar is considered as an authentic local sweetener that is produced naturally by the Baduy individually and is frequently used as a souvenir for tourists. However, the data describing the safety of palm sugar in terms of microbial and heavy metal content have not been widely reported. This study aimed to analyze palm sugar’s safety on the basis of microbial and heavy metal content.
Method: Palm sugars were obtained from 5 of 25 sugar makers in Kanekes village, Baduy using a purposive random sampling in April 2021. The analysis of Total Plate Count, Total Yeast and Mold Count, coliform, and heavy metal were conducted and their results were compared to the requirements of the International Commission for Uniform Methods of Sugar Analysis. Bacterial identification was conducted microscopically and molecularly using a conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction. The collected data were analyzed with the descriptive method.
Results: The results demonstrated that the bacterial count of Baduy palm sugar was less than 30 Colony Forming Unit (CFU)/g; no yeast and mold were observed; negative results for the coliform test; and detected heavy metals were under the limitation of the International Commission for Uniform Methods of Sugar Analysis standards except for copper. The two found bacteria are non-pathogenic, namely Bacillus megaterium and Kocuria koreensis.
Conclusion: The results of the research showed that Baduy palm sugar is safe in terms of microbiological and heavy metals. This research is expected to consist of useful information to the public based on the safety and quality of Baduy palm sugar, and consequently it can attract the attention of Indonesian tourists and even foreign tourists to visit Baduy.

DOI: 10.18502/jfqhc.10.4.14176

Risk Assessment of Toxic Heavy Metals Concentration of Fish and Drinking Water in Nsukka Metropolis, South East, Nigeria

I.o. Nwankwo , C.o. Anyaoha , C.o. Nwabueze , O.c. Nwobi , C. Ibeachu ,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2023)

Abstract

Background: Toxic Heavy Metals (THMs) threaten food safety and result in human poisonings. It seems to be few studies on THMs contamination in food chain in developing countries. Current investigation determine the concentration and health risk of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), as well as mercury (Hg) in fish and water at Nsukka, Metropolis, Enugu state, Nigeria.
Methods: Forty eight samples; 24 (catfish and tilapia) fish and 24 (borehole, sachet, and bottled) water were randomly collected from two major markets and districts in Nsukka Metropolis and were evaluated for THMs using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The Estimated Daily Intake, Target Hazard Quotient, Hazard Index, and Cancer Risk (CR) were assessed as well.
Results: THMs analaysis showed that As, Cd, and Hg were at 100% and Pb being at 16% in all the fish samples while 12.5% of fish of exceeded the Hg Maximum Permissible Limit (MPL) of 0.050 mg/kg, that not statistically significant (p>0.05).On the other hand, based on the analysis of all water samples, Hg and As were detected at 100% rate, Cd at 58.3% while Pb was not identified. The values above the MPL appeared to be 9 (37.5%), 2 (8.3%), and 3(12.5%) for Hg, As, and Cd, respectively in water while not statistically significant (p>0.05). The mean value of Hg (0.06425 mg/kg) in roasted fish as well as Cd (0.0065 and 0.0105) mg/ml in tap and bottled water respectively surpassed the MPL although not statistically significant (p>0.05). The Estimated Daily Intake of THMs except Cd in fish were proved to be within the Provisional Tolerable Daily Intake in contrast with As and Cd in water. CR is present both in children and adults with CR value >1.
Conclusion: The finding of THMs in fish and water above the MPL is regarded as potential health risk for the consumers of such contaminated water and fish in the investigation scope.

DOI: 10.18502/jfqhc.10.4.14177

Page 1 from 1

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb