Volume 9, Issue 1 (March 2022)                   J. Food Qual. Hazards Control 2022, 9(1): 43-48 | Back to browse issues page


XML Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Mohamadin M, Rama A, Seboussi R. Aflatoxin M1 in Ultra High Temperature Milk Consumed in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. J. Food Qual. Hazards Control 2022; 9 (1) :43-48
URL: http://jfqhc.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-963-en.html
Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Higher Colleges of Technology, P.O. Box 7946, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates , mmohamadin@hct.ac.ae
Abstract:   (1009 Views)
Background: Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a mycotoxin found in milk that has a carcinogenic effect and poses significant public health risks. Since the human population's consumption of milk and milk products are quite high, thereby increasing the risk of exposure to AFM1 is of great threat. To assess public health hazards associated with the occurrence of AFM1 in Ultra High Temperature (UHT) milk, a survey was carried out in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE).
Methods: A total of 42 UHT milk samples from different commercial brands were collected from January to April 2020. The occurrence and concentration range of AFM1 in the samples were investigated by applying the competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method.
Results: AFM1 was detected in four positive samples (9.5%) with a concentration range of 2.8-7.4 ng/L and a mean concentration of 5.2±1.9 ng/L. However, none of the positive samples had AFM1 levels exceeding the maximum permissible limit (50 ng/L) as set by the European Commission.
Conclusion: AFM1 incidence in the samples selected from UHT consumed milk in Sharjah-UAE is very low and seems to be no serious public health problem at the moment. Frequent analytical surveillance by food control agencies is highly recommended to keep controlling of the incidence of mycotoxin contamination in dairy products consumed in the UAE.

DOI: 
10.18502/jfqhc.9.1.9689
Full-Text [PDF 383 kb]   (521 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Original article | Subject: Special
Received: 21/05/16 | Accepted: 21/10/02 | Published: 22/03/28

References
1. Abdallah M.I.M., Bazalou M.S., Al-Julaifi M.Z. (2012). Determination of aflatoxin M1 concentrations in full-fat cow's UHT milk sold for consumption in Najran-Saudi regarding its public health significance. Egyptian Journal of Applied Sciences. 27: 40-54.
2. Admasu F.T., Melak A., Demissie B., Yenew C., Habtie M.L., Bekele T.T., Feyesa T.O., Chanie E.S., G/Medhin M.T., Malik T., Dejenie T.A. (2021). Occurrence and associated factors of aflatoxin M1 in raw cow milk in South Gondar Zone, North West Ethiopia, 2020. Food Science and Nutrition. 9: 6286-6293. [DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2589] [DOI:10.1002/fsn3.2589] [PMID] [PMCID]
3. Ahmad M.M., Ahmad M., Ali A., Hamid R., Javed S., Abdin M.Z. (2014). Detection of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus from aflatoxin-contaminated peanuts and their differentiation using PCR-RFLP. Annals of Microbiology. 64: 1597-1605. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-014-0803-5] [DOI:10.1007/s13213-014-0803-5]
4. Al-Kandari D., Jukes D.J. (2011). Incorporating HACCP into national food control systems - analyzing progress in the United Arab Emirates. Food Control. 22: 851-861. [DOI: 10.1016/j. foodcont.2010.10.013] [DOI:10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.10.013]
5. Benkerroum N. (2020). Aflatoxins: producing-molds, structure, health issues and incidence in Southeast Asian and Sub-Saharan African countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 17: 1215. [DOI: 10.3390/ ijerph17041215] [DOI:10.3390/ijerph17041215]
6. De Freitas C.H., Gonçalves C.L., Da Silva Nascente P. (2018). Aflatoxins B1 and M1: risks related to milk produced in Brazil. Annals of Microbiology. 68: 793-802. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-018-1395-2] [DOI:10.1007/s13213-018-1395-2]
7. De Matos C.J., Schabo D.C., Do Nascimento Y.M., Tavares J.F., Lima E.D.O., Da Cruz P.O., De Souza E.L., Magnani M., Magalhães H.I.F. (2021). Aflatoxin M1 in Brazilian goat milk and health risk assessment. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B. 56: 415-422. [DOI: 10.1080/03601234. 2021.1892434] [DOI:10.1080/03601234.2021.1892434] [PMID]
8. European Commission (EC). (2006). Commission Regulation (EC) No. 1881/2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs. Official Journal of the European :union:. L 364: 5-24.
9. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2005). Sec. 527.400 whole milk, low fat milk, skim milk - aflatoxin M1 (CPG 7106.10) FDA/ORA Compliance Policy Guides.
10. Giovati L., Magliani W., Ciociola T., Santinoli C., Conti S., Polonelli L. (2015). AFM1 in milk: physical, biological, and prophylactic methods to mitigate contamination. Toxins. 7: 4330-4349. [DOI: 10.3390/toxins7104330] [DOI:10.3390/toxins7104330] [PMID] [PMCID]
11. Hattimare D., Shakya S., Patyal A., Chandrakar C., Kumar A. (2022). Occurrence and exposure assessment of aflatoxin M1 in milk and milk products in India. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 59: 2460-2468. [DOI: 10.1007/s13197-021-05265-4] [DOI:10.1007/s13197-021-05265-4] [PMID]
12. Hussain I., Anwar J. (2008). A study on contamination of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Food Control. 19: 393-395. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2007.04.019] [DOI:10.1016/j.foodcont.2007.04.019]
13. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). (2002a). IARC working group on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Some traditional herbal medicines, some mycotoxins, naphthalene and styrene. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Lyon, France. 82: 1-556.
14. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), (2002b). Monograph on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk to humans. Lyon, France: World Health Organization, IARC. 82: 171
15. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). (1993). Some naturally occurring substances: food items and constituents, heterocyclic aromatic amines and mycotoxins. IARC monograph on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Lyon, France: World Health Organization, IARC. 56: 19-23.
16. Li S., Min L., Wang G., Li D., Zheng N., Wang J. (2018). Occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk from manufacturers of infant milk powder in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 15: 879. [DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050879] [DOI:10.3390/ijerph15050879] [PMID] [PMCID]
17. Miliţă N.M., Mihăescu G., Chifiriuc C. (2010). Aflatoxins-health risk factors. Bacteriology, Virusology, Parazitology, Epidemiology. 55: 19-24
18. Rastogi S., Dwivedi P.D., Khanna S.K., Das M. (2004). Detection of aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk and infant milk products from Indian markets by ELISA. Food Control. 15: 287-290. [DOI: 10.1016/S0956-7135(03)00078-1] [DOI:10.1016/S0956-7135(03)00078-1]
19. Saad A.M., Abdelgadir A.M., Moss M.O. (1989). Aflatoxin in human and camel milk in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Mycotoxin Research. 5: 57-60. ]DOI: 10.1007/BF03192122] [DOI:10.1007/BF03192122] [PMID]
20. Sarvar Taherabadi M., Gharavi M.J., Javadi I., Alimohammadi M., Moghadamnia S.H., Mosleh N., Farajollahi M.M., Sharif M. (2016). The level of aflatoxin M1 in raw and pasteurized milk produced in Alborz province, Iran. Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products. 11: e31708. [DOI: 10. 17795/jjnpp-31708] [DOI:10.17795/jjnpp-31708]
21. Škrbić B., Živančev J., Antić I., Godula M. (2014). Levels of aflatoxin M1 in different types of milk collected in Serbia: assessment of human and animal exposure. Food Control. 40: 113-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.11.039] [DOI:10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.11.039]
22. Sumon A.H., Islam F., Mohanto N.C., Kathak R.R., Molla N.H., Rana S., Degen G.H., Ali N. (2021). The presence of aflatoxin M1 in milk and milk products in Bangladesh. Toxins. 13: 440. [DOI: 10.3390/toxins13070440] [DOI:10.3390/toxins13070440] [PMID] [PMCID]
23. Tekinşen K.K., Eken H.S. (2008). Aflatoxin M1 levels in UHT milk and kashar cheese consumed in Turkey. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 46: 3287-3289. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.07.014] [DOI:10.1016/j.fct.2008.07.014] [PMID]
24. Topi D., Spahiu J., Rexhepi A., Marku N. (2022). Two-year survey of aflatoxin M1 in milk marketed in Albania, and human exposure assessment. Food Control. 136: 108831. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108831] [DOI:10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108831]
25. Van Egmond H.P., Svensson U.K., Fremy J.M. (1997). Mycotoxins. In: residues and contaminants in milk and milk products (special issue 9701), Brussels. International Dairy Federation. 17-88.
26. Xiong J., Zhang X., Zhou H., Lei M., Liu Y., Ye C., Wu W., Wang C., Wu L., Qiu Y. (2021). Aflatoxin M1 in pasteurized, ESL and UHT milk products from central China during summer and winter seasons: prevalence and risk assessment of exposure in different age groups. Food Control. 125: 107908. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.107908] [DOI:10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.107908]
27. Zinedine A., González-Osnaya L., Soriano J.M., Moltó J.C., Idrissi L., Mañes J. (2007). Presence of aflatoxin M1 in pasteurized milk from Morocco. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 114: 25-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006. 11.001] [DOI:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.11.001] [PMID]

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

© 2024 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Journal of food quality and hazards control

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb